ภาษาอังกฤษ : English

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A Cognitive Stylistic Approach to Mind Style in the Memoir Man’s Search for Meaning
Sirinarang, Bupha; Wijitsopon, Raksangob; Dumrongsiri, Nuchada (Faculty of Liberal Arts, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), 2021)
The present study aims to examine the mind style, a distinctive perspective held by a character in a narrative, of a real-person narrator in the memoir Man’s Search for Meaning, Dr. Viktor E. Frankl, by applying the Text World and Schema theories. To investigate how his mind style is constructed textually and potentially enacted within the mind of the reader, four excerpts from the book were selected and analyzed. Through the Text World theory, the study captures a range of linguistic features into text-building elements and relates them, via the Schema theory, to the different ways in which they can interact with readers’ background knowledge to arrive at an interpretation of the extraordinary mind style of the narrator. The in-depth cognitive stylistic analysis reveals semantic contrast in the narrator’s outer and inner worlds, illustrating how he was able to attain inner riches and freedom amidst great difficulties in life in the Auschwitz concentration camp. The study not only sheds light on the linguistic portrayal of Dr. Frankl’s mind style but also contributes to the potential of cognitive stylistic approaches to mind style.
A Comparison of Moves and the Sequence of Moves in Research Abstracts in Standard and Predatory Journals
Yathip, Chatchanan; Soranastaporn, Songsri; Thongrin, Saneh (Faculty of Liberal Arts, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), 2016)
The purpose of the recent study was to compare rhetorical moves and move sequences in scientific research articles published by standard and predatory journals. The corpus consisted of 100 research abstracts (50 standard and 50 predatory abstracts) published between 2011 and 2015. The abstracts were analyzed based on Santos’s (1996) move model consisting of five main moves: ‘Situating the research’, ‘Presenting the research’, ‘Describing the methodology’, ‘Summarizing the results’, and ‘Discussing the research’. To increase the reliability of the analysis, three inter-raters were invited to verify the data. The findings show five moves in two corpora. All moves in the standard corpus occurred more than 60% of the time and are considered as conventional moves. However, four moves in the predatory journal abstracts [Move 3 or ‘Describing the methodology’ (94%), Move 4 or ‘Summarizing the results’ (82%), Move 2 or ‘Presenting the research’ (68%), and Move 5 or ‘Discussing the research’ (64%)] occurred as conventional moves; Move 1, or ‘Situating the research’,which occurred in only 48% of cases, was an exception. In addition, 50 abstracts in the standard corpus exhibited 26 move sequences; on the contrary, in the predatory corpus of 50 abstracts, 41 move sequenceswere found. The findings reveal that moves and move sequences of predatory abstracts are varied and do not conform to those found instandard journals. Thus, it can be concluded that move analysis may be used to distinguish between standard (peer-reviewed) journals and predatory (non-peer-reviewed) journals.
A Coronavirus Corpus-driven Study on the Uses of If- Conditionals in the Pandemic Period
Montkhongtham, Napanant (School of Liberal Arts, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, 2021)
The COVID-19 pandemic, has greatly affected the lives of everyone. One major concern during this period has been that of communication including content dealing with possibilities and ideology concerning freedom. This study aims to analyze the application of if-conditionals expressing options and possibilities during the COVID-19 pandemic using data in the Coronavirus Corpus developed in May 2020 by Mark Davies. The extracted if-conditionals were divided in accordance with Puente-Castelo’s (2017) framework of if-typology, and grammatical aspects of all the verb strings were also analyzed in terms of tense and aspect, sentential modality, and voice. It was discovered that speech act conditionals—relevance conditionals—were most commonly applied to provide specific suggestions to deal with the pandemic. The second and third-ranked choices, scoperestricting conditionals and hypothesizing conditionals helped to specify scopes and definitions and to emphasize possibilities and predictions or statistical estimates based on evidence, respectively. The grammatical aspects also corresponded to the COVID situation and helped to convey messages in accordance with the if-conditional functions. The results suggest that the if-construction provides communicative functions fitting various contexts relating to the pandemic. It can facilitate interpersonal communication, allow message receivers freedom to evaluate the proposed option, and provide some safety for the speaker in their choice of phrasing since COVID-19-related circumstances are uncertain. The information can be useful for those seeking linguistic tools for effective communication and for instructors developing material for English for specific purposes.
A Corpus-Assisted Critical Metaphor Analysis of General Prayuth Chan-o-cha’s English Subtitled Weekly Addresses on Politics and Democracy-Related Issues in Times of Political Turmoil
Chaiyasat, Chatchawan; Sudajit-apa, Melada; Osatananda, Varisa (Faculty of Liberal Arts, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), 2017)
In recent years, metaphorical linguistic expression has been shown to play a significant role in representing a thought-provoking and novel way of viewing the world and assisting individuals in understanding more about the meaning of linguistic realization. As a result metaphorical analysis has attracted a great deal of scholarly attention in various fields over a wide range of textual typologies. This study aims at examining the types of conceptual metaphor used in the English subtitles of General Prayut Chan-o-cha’s weekly addresses during times of political crisis in order to reveal the underlying political ideologies in relation to the politics and democracy-related issues. The present study also applied a corpus-assisted approach and the Metaphor Identification Procedure (MIP) to identify the conceptual metaphors. The finding reveals seven categories of conceptual metaphor are used, including MACHINE AND TOOLS, JOURNEY, BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION, HUMAN, WAR, ANIMAL (BIRD), and OBJECT. Data analysis indicated that the conceptual metaphor of MACHINE AND TOOLS appeared to be the most frequently used comparing to other types. The study also suggests that Thai military government, led by General Prayut Chan-o-cha, has exploited metaphorical expressions in order to shed light on the hope of seeing the democratic-building processes becoming accepted by both the Thai populace and the international community.
A Corpus-Based Analysis of BE + Being + Adjective in English from the Appraisal Framework Perspective
Kheovichai, Baramee; Lertcharnrit, Thanik (Silpakorn University Research, Innovation and Creativity Administration Office, 2017)
This paper investigates the phraseological pattern BE + being + adjective. Specifically, it looks at the types of adjective meanings that can occur in this pattern, using Martin & White’s (2005) appraisal framework as the classification scheme, the grammatical subjects, tenses and engagement resources co-occurring with this phraseological pattern. The interplay of these linguistic features is investigated to shed light on the meaning and functions of the phraseological pattern. Data was drawn from the British National Corpus. The results indicate that there are 1,218 instances of this phraseological pattern in the corpus. The type of adjectives that occur in this pattern with the highest frequency is Judgment. Third person subjects, the present tense and Monogloss have the highest frequency in comparison with other categories of grammatical subject, tense and engagement resource, respectively. A closer look at the interrelation between different linguistic features leads to further findings and complex picture of how clusters of linguistic features can influence the meaning and function of this phraseological pattern.
A corpus-based analysis of English synonyms : acquire and obtain
Sittironnarit, Sita; Khunasathitchai, Kongkiat; Kosashunhanan, Krishna; Kumdee, Soranut; ดร.ธีร์ดนัย กัปโก (ศูนย์พัฒนาการเรียนรู้สมัยใหม่, 2022)
Due to their similar meaning, L2 English language learners may struggle with the use of near synonyms. Corpus-based studies on English synonyms have been conducted over the last two decades to solve this issue. To the best of the researchers' knowledge, the distinction between the synonymous verbs acquire and obtain has not yet been examined. This study, thus, examines these two verbs in terms of genres and collocations using the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). The findings indicate that they appear to have a high degree of formality and are prevalent in written rather than spoken genres. In general, obtain is more common than acquire. In terms of collocation, they may be distinguished by their specific noun collocates. Even though they share some noun collocates, they cannot be used interchangeably in all situations. Semantic preference and semantic prosody and pedagogical implications are also discussed.
A Corpus-Based Collocation Study and Move Patterns in Online Smartphone Press Releases
Wei, Jiang; Gampper, Chanika; Phoocharoensil, Supakorn (Language Institute, Thammasat University, 2014)
This study is an investigation of fixed expressions or prefabricated adjective and verb collocations that occur in online smartphone press releases (OSPR). OSPR is a sub-genre of the press release. Previous studies reveal that different genres favor different linguistic structures and elements. Collocations of high frequency words in specific genres have indicated a prototypical phraseology. First, this study looked into the corpus-based collocation of adjective+ noun and verb+ noun in 230 OSPRs. Second, the sequences of moves of selected five OSPR were determined. Finally, the purpose(s) of each move was/were identified through adjectives used in each sentence. The findings reveal that while ostensibly informative, press releases also carry an implicitly self-promotional purpose. It is suggested that, for foreign language learners, focusing on collocation patterns within genre may provide a more productive way to study vocabulary. The move patterns found in this study enable learners to be aware of the move sequences in press release writing. Also, recommendations are made on how to use the research findings to improve English for Specific Purposes (ESP) teaching.
A Corpus-based Comparative Study of Lexical Bundles in Authentic and Textbook English Business Emails
Siricharoen, Aroonrung; Wijitsopon, Raksangob (Language Institute, Thammasat University, 2020)
This study investigates lexical bundle types found in authentic English business emails and sample emails in business English textbooks in order to identify their similarities and differences. The data employed in the study were sample emails from 77 business English textbooks and emails sourced from the Enron Corporation, representing authentic English business emails. The structural and functional categorizations of lexical bundles from Biber et al. (2004) and Biber (2006) were used as frameworks for the analysis. Findings show that structural categories of lexical bundles in textbooks and those in authentic emails are generally similar while functional categories are noticeably different. Although there are more lexical bundle types in the textbook email corpus, most of them actually belong to the same categories, pointing to a limited range of functional categories of lexical bundles presented in business English textbooks. This leads to a major observation that forms of expressions tend to outweigh their functions in the way textbooks present emails for pedagogical purposes. It is therefore suggested that the functional dimension of linguistic expressions be given more attention in business English teaching.
A Corpus-Based Investigation of English Synonyms: Disadvantage, Downside, and Drawback
Sumonsriworakun, Piyaboot (Language Institute, Thammasat University, 2022)
The study compares three synonymous nouns, disadvantage, downside, and drawback, in terms of their frequency, distribution patterns, and collocations, using data from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). The findings show that the frequency of disadvantage is the highest, followed by that of downside and drawback, respectively. Regarding their distribution across eight registers in COCA, disadvantage prevails in academic texts, whereas downside and drawback seem to be less formal as they are most often found in magazines. An analysis of semantic preferences of the verb collocates of the three synonyms revealed two common themes: CONSIDER and DEAL WITH. As for their adjective collocates, the three synonyms frequently co-occur with adjectives under the theme EXTENT. Disadvantage is more often preceded by adjectives subscribed to the theme ASPECT than drawback is, and while downside regularly combines with some adjectives representing counter-expectations, drawback tends to be accompanied by more adjective collocates organized into the theme PROMINENCE than the other two synonyms. It is advisable that English language teachers utilize these valuable insights to develop lessons and materials.
A Corpus-Based Study of English Synonyms: Appropriate, Proper, and Suitable
Petcharat, Natthapon; Phoocharoensil, Supakorn (Language Institute, Thammasat University, 2017)
This study investigates three English synonyms, i.e. appropriate, proper, and suitable, concentrating on meanings, degrees of formality, collocations, and grammatical patterns. The sources of data used in this study are 1) three dictionaries, i.e. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 6th edition (2014), Longman Advanced American Dictionary 3rd edition (2013), and Macmillan Collocations Dictionary (2010), and 2) the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). It was discovered that the three synonyms share the same core meaning, but still differ in terms of detailed meanings, degrees of formality, collocations, and grammatical patterns. For this reason, the three words cannot be used interchangeable in all contexts. In addition, it was found that the corpus provides some additional data which is non-existent in the three dictionaries.
A Corpus-Based Study of English Synonyms: Chance and Opportunity
Jarunwaraphan, Boonrak; Mallikamas, Prima (School of Liberal Arts, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, 2020)
The study aims to investigate differences and similarities of two synonymous nouns, chance and opportunity. The sources of data were from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) and online dictionaries. The study applied both quantitative and qualitative methodology. Throughout the five text types of COCA (i.e. spoken, fiction, popular magazines, newspapers, and academic journals), opportunity was used most frequently in academic texts and was found least often in fiction. On the other hand, chance occurred least in the genre of academic texts and most often in the spoken genre. The claim that opportunity tends to be used more often in formal style than its near synonym was supported by a number of academic words in the list of its collocates. Although a wider range of meanings of chance reflects its polysemous status, chance and its collocates have fewer semantic preferences than those of opportunity. The findings also suggest that near-synonyms may behave differently in terms of collocation and semantic prosody although they share similar meanings.
A Corpus-based Study of Linking Adverbials in Written American English
Pipatanusorn, Lilit; Wijitsopon, Raksangob (Faculty of Liberal Arts, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), 2019)
In this study, we investigate uses of linking adverbials in present-day written American English, in response to an observation from a previous study that occurrences of linking adverbials may vary according to varieties of English. The American English 2006 corpus (Potts & Baker, 2012) was utilized for the purpose of the study. Distribution patterns of linking adverbials were examined in the light of their categories and text genres, namely general prose, academic prose, fiction, and media texts. The results showed that among the four text genres, linking adverbials occur most frequently in academic prose and least frequently in fiction and media texts. The distribution patterns of linking adverbials by category revealed that the additive group occurs most frequently across the board while the sequential group the least. These overall findings correspond to previous studies of linking adverbials in other varieties of English, thereby suggesting that uses of linking adverbials are associated with text genres and categories, rather than with varieties. However, it is also found that such major distribution tendencies are not shared by a large number of linking adverbials in each group. This suggests that individual LAs have their idiosyncratic usage patterns, and these are associated with their frequencies in each genre. Analysis of some individual LAs revealed that there are other contextual factors, apart from text genres, including textual positions and co-occurrence patterns, which deserve attention in future research on linking adverbials.
A Corpus-based Study of Thai and English Quantity Word Equivalents: 'Lǎay', 'Several' and 'Many'
Wijitsopon, Raksangob (School of Liberal Arts, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, 2021)
The present study investigates the Thai quantifier ‘lǎay’ (หลาย) and its two major English lexical equivalents: ‘several’ and ‘many’, using data from an English-Thai parallel corpus, the Thai and British National Corpora. An examination of the parallel corpus reveals that the quantifier ‘lǎay’ has a broad semantic property as it can express meanings related to small, medium and large quantities or just the plurality of entities. This provides support to an observation that the word can pose problems for Thai EFL learners, translators and interpreters when expressing the concept of ‘lǎay’ in English. Based on the parallel corpus, two English quantity words that denote different scales of quantity, ‘many’ and ‘several’, were found to be among the most common lexical equivalents of ‘lǎay’. Further comparative investigation was conducted on the Thai and British National Corpora. It is found that ‘lǎay’ and its two common equivalents have overlapping and different co-occurrence patterns, illustrating their lexical equivalent status and distinct usage profiles at the same time. Differences between the two English equivalents were then focused on so that empirical evidence of usage patterns of the two most common English lexical equivalents of ‘lǎay’ can be obtained. Findings from the study provide an insight into phraseological patterns and pragmatic-discourse functions associated with the English equivalents, which Thai speakers of English can make use of as a possible framework for their decision making when translating ‘lǎay’ into English.
A Corpus-based Study of the Near-synonyms: Purpose, Goal and Objective
Lertcharoenwanich, Pallapa; Phoocharoensil, Supakorn (School of Liberal Arts, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, 2022)
Synonyms can be problematic for EFL learners since each synonym has distinct meanings to be used in different context. The purposes of this corpus-based study are to investigate distinctions of the synonymous nouns purpose, goal and objective based on the distribution across genres in which the degree of formality is determined and to examine their verb and adjective collocates in relation to semantic preference. The three target synonyms were analyzed by using data drawn from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). The results from the frequency of distribution across genres suggests that the three target synonyms most frequently occur in formal contexts, e.g., academic texts, and they tend to have similar occurrences across genres. In terms of the common verb and adjective collocates, the top-thirty verb and adjective collocates of the target synonyms with the highest frequency and the significant MI score level of ≥ 3 were presented and the collocates with similar meanings were categorized into themes based on their semantic preference. It was found that the three synonymous nouns are near-synonyms with the more closely related status of objective and goal because they share more overlapping semantically-related themes and collocations. However, these synonyms also co-occur with particular verbs or adjectives. This differentiation of collocational patterns of the near-synonyms indicates that they cannot be substitutable in all contexts and the precise usage of each synonym should be taken into consideration.
A Corpus-based Study of the Vocabulary Profile of High School English Textbooks in China
Yu, Min; Renandya, Willy A. (Language Institute, Thammasat University, 2021)
The study investigates the vocabulary profile of a set of English textbooks New Senior English for China, which is widely used for senior secondary education in China. It examines how the words required by the 2017 National English Curriculum Standard for General Senior Secondary Education in China are covered, repeated and distributed in the textbooks. The results show that the textbooks cover only about 80% of the lemmas required by the 2017 English Curriculum Standard. Among the lemmas covered in the textbooks, half of them are repeated less than five times in the textbooks. Most of the lemmas which recur more than five times in the textbooks have dispersion values above 0.5. Lemmas with dispersion values below 0.1 are mainly composed of theme-based words. Although the study indicates that some words are distributed favorably, the textbooks fail to provide sufficient coverage and repetition of the words required by the 2017 English Curriculum Standard. Therefore, extra exposure and repetition of these words are required for optimal learning.
A Corpus-Based Study on the Use of Spoken Discourse Markers by Thai EFL Learners
Pan, Zhaoyi; Aroonmanakun, Wirote (Language Institute, Thammasat University, 2022)
This research investigated the use of English spoken discourse markers by Thai EFL learners in English conversation compared to native English speakers from two perspectives: frequency and pragmatic function. A total of 60 learners were involved in the research: 30 Thai B1-level learners and 30 Thai C1-level EFL learners. Spoken data was collected and transcribed into written form to build a learner corpus for analysis. The data analysis indicated underuse by Thai EFL learners of four spoken discourse markers – so, well, you know and I think. Moreover, Thai EFL learners we shown to use each spoken discourse marker differently in comparison to native English speakers. On the whole, interpersonal functions were less frequently a factor than textual functions, indicating a larger deficiency in performing interpersonal functions by Thai EFL learners. These results lead to the conclusion that Thai EFL learners lack pragmatic competence in oral communication in terms of performance (usage instance) discrepancy regarding spoken discourse markers compared to native English speakers.
A Corpus-driven Cross-disciplinary Study of Inclusive and Exclusive We in Research Article Abstracts
Doğan-Uçar, Asiye; Akbasb, Erdem (Language Institute, Thammasat University, 2022)
With its distinct characteristics, the research article (hereafter RA) abstract has been a major area of interest within the field of metadiscourse. Investigating authorial presence displayed in RA abstracts can play an important role in illuminating the nature of the interaction among the writer, the text, and the reader. This study aimed to shed light on the disciplinary variation on how much, and for what purposes, authorial presence is shown in RA abstracts through the use of the first-person plural pronoun we as an engagement marker (the inclusive form) and a self-mention device (the exclusive form) using a corpus of RA abstracts in the fields of Bioengineering and Software Engineering (hard sciences), and Psychology and Sociology (soft sciences). The inclusive we was found to be very rare, therefore, the majority of the analysis focused on the exclusive we. The results indicated a considerable variation across the sampled disciplines and a general tendency to use self-mention when explaining purposes, procedures, and results, but not when introducing and concluding, or elaborating arguments. The findings of this study will contribute to a deeper understanding of the disciplinary variation in the use and communicative functions of we, which could enhance academic writing practices.
A Corpus-informed Study of Move Structures and Linguistic Features of Press Release and Corresponding News Reports of Products and Services in the Thai Business Context
Chavanachid, Pititul; Sripicharn, Passapong (Faculty of Liberal Arts, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), 2019)
This study adopted the corpus-based, move analysis approach to explore differences in move structure and linguistic feature between press release and corresponding news reports. The corpus comprised of 60 press releases (approximately 50,000 words) of products and services written by Thailand-based companies and 60 corresponding news articles (approximately 40,000 words) collected from local English-language newspapers-namely, The Nation and Bangkok Post. A framework adopted from Catenaccio’s (2008) move analysis of business press release was used to identify and compare move structures between the two sets of data. The findings suggested that, although the news reports follow almost all the same rhetorical structures as those found in the releases, the corpus analysis of linguistic features revealed some significant differences between lexical choices and grammatical patterns that showed some subtly manipulation on the part of the news writers. Research and pedagogical implications of the study were also discussed.
A Critical Discourse Analysis of Woman’s Disempowerment in a Movie: A Case Study of Changeling
Bhattarachaiyakorn, Songwut; Chairach, Apinya (Research and Development institute, Suan Dusit University, 2022)
The purposes of this study are to identify the woman’s disempowerment factors found in the movie dialogues investigated at discourse and sentence levels and to see how each factor is reflected through a movie discourse. All dialogues from the movie “Changeling” were preliminarily studied and there were totally eight dialogues in the movie script that reflected some characteristics of the disempowerment. Thus, with the implementation of critical discourse analysis, the researcher further analyzed those eight dialogues as the main samples to reveal the occurrence frequency of the woman’s disempowerment factors such as gender roles, powerlessness, violence against women as well as how those factors were presented in characters’ discourses. According to the findings, the highest percentage of occurrence frequency fell into the violence against women factor, yet the gender roles factor is found at the lowest percentage. Furthermore, this research also reflected the cultural problems regarding the hierarchical inequality between female and male through their social status and roles. However, the findings of this research interestingly trigger the further investigation on both scripts and scenes of a movie to understand the more in-depth views on how cultural issues are presented via those channels; especially the issues related to verbal and non-verbal communication.
A Cross-sectional Comparison of First and Second Year Thai EFL Student Writing: Syntactic, Phrasal, and Lexical Features
McDonough, Kim; Vleeschauwer, Jindarat De (School of Liberal Arts, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, 2021)
This cross-sectional study compares the written language of Thai EFL students in their first two years of university study. First- and second-year students (N = 170) wrote opinion paragraphs by hand in response to six prompts. Using automated textual analysis tools, clausal (subordination), phrasal (coordinated phrases and complex nominals), and lexical (AWL use and lexical diversity) measures were obtained. Matched-pairs were created by pairing different first- and second-year students from the same faculty of study who responded to the same writing prompt. The results indicated that second-year students produced significantly more complex nominals and AWL words than the first-year students with effect sizes ranging from small to medium. Implications are discussed in terms of pedagogical approaches and assessment in EFL settings, and suggestions for future research are provided.

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