Publication: พัฒนาการของความคิดแบบโลกวิสัย (Secularism) ในรัฐสมัยใหม่ของตะวันตก
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2020
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th
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รัฐศาสตร์สาร
Political Science Journal
Political Science Journal
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41
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1
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88
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112
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พัฒนาการของความคิดแบบโลกวิสัย (Secularism) ในรัฐสมัยใหม่ของตะวันตก
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Development of Secularism in the modern Western State
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Abstract
Secularism, a principle that rejects the domination of religion over the moral standard and political power, began in the Late Middle Ages in Europe. The Secularization of Politics, however, took a long time to accomplish. The movement to reject the power of “church,” but not of “God,” continued. It was not until much later that the foundation of political legitimacy transferred from “divine” to “civil.” We can study the development of such transformation through the thoughts of various philosophers whose works influenced Western political history in the 17th century. After secularism has developed and settled as a core ideology of the modern state that adopts liberal democracy, many perceive that the influence of religions over politics has ended for the liberal democratic European states. Thus, all state matters are based on the secularism principle, but is that true? The fact is that religions are regaining momentum in Europe today. This comeback is apparent in two phenomena: religions play more role in politics and public debates, and religious symbols are being used to represent values beyond their religious origins.