Publication: A comparison of the concept of compassion in the phenomenology of scheler and in theravada buddhism
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2023
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A comparison of the concept of compassion in the phenomenology of scheler and in theravada buddhism
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Abstract
In this dissertation, the researcher will attempt to explore the concept of compassion, in the manner in which it is understood in Western phenomenology and in the manner it is understood in Theravāda Buddhism. Compassion in phenomenology is connected in a constellation with other concepts such as empathy, pity and sympathy. It is the phenomenological approach of Max Scheler which tries to disentangle these concepts and consider them from a moral perspective. Max Scheler tries to consider the relationship of our mental states with that of other individuals through a phenomenological determination of value (involving love and hate), which can also can be interpreted as the root of morality in the broadest sense. One's morality is determined by one's feelings toward the other, while not having one's moral judgement contaminated by one's feelings. Central to this approach is the idea of the intentionality of the human subject. In Theravāda Buddhism, emotional contagion is also understood as a form of attachment and is considered to be counterproductive to the feeling of compassion. The Theravāda Buddhist tradition focuses on the concept of compassion, which is the object of meditation practice separate from the experiences of empathy and sympathy. Individual experience is widely believed to be the key to developing compassion. In the Theravāda Buddhist tradition, however, it is an acknowledgment of the suffering of others based less on intention and more on practical action, which is also linked to Buddhist practices such as meditation and dealing with fellow human beings. This dissertation will show that knowing and understanding the differences between empathy, sympathy, and compassion is important to clarifying the differences between Western Christian-influenced sociology and phenomenology and the special status of compassion as part of Theravāda Buddhism.
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ปรัชญาดุษฎีบัณฑิต
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ปริญญาเอก
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บัณฑิตวิทยาลัย
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มหาวิทยาลัยอัสสัมชัญ