Publication: The Matrix Language Frame Model's Grammatical Constraints on Intra-Sentential Code-Switching and Hokkien-Mandarin-English Data from Singapore
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en
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ภาษาและภาษาศาสตร์
Language and Linguistics
Language and Linguistics
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20
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2
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35
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65
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The Matrix Language Frame Model's Grammatical Constraints on Intra-Sentential Code-Switching and Hokkien-Mandarin-English Data from Singapore
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Abstract
The Matrix Language Frame (MLF) model puts forward five grammatical constraints on intra-sentential code-switching. This article challenges the universality of these constraints. This article is based on a study in which the constraints and the model's hypotheses relating language shift to language attrition are tested using Hokkien-Mandarin-English data from a Singaporean Chinese family (Chua, 2001a; 2001d). Hokkien is a Chinese dialect belonging to the Southern Min group. The five members of the family which provides the data are: grandfather (GF), grandmother (GM), daughter (D), granddaughter (GD) and grandson (GS). All the mixed constituents in the data conform to the Morpheme-Order Principle. Four counter-examples to the System Morpheme Principle were found and eighteen (60%) of the Embedded Language (EL) islands contravene the EL Island Trigger Hypothesis. The predictions made by the EL Hierarchy Hypothesis are also not attested in the data.