Publication: 对外汉语教学中形容词“大”的认知语义与泰语对应词语研究——以《HSK 标准教程》为例
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2022
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cn
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中国语言文化学刊
Journal of Chinese Language and Culture, Huachiew Chalermprakiet University
วารสารวิชาการภาษาและวัฒนธรรมจีน มหาวิทยาลัยหัวเฉียวเฉลิมพระเกียรติ
Journal of Chinese Language and Culture, Huachiew Chalermprakiet University
วารสารวิชาการภาษาและวัฒนธรรมจีน มหาวิทยาลัยหัวเฉียวเฉลิมพระเกียรติ
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9
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2
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75
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90
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对外汉语教学中形容词“大”的认知语义与泰语对应词语研究——以《HSK 标准教程》为例
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A Study of Cognitive Semantic in The Chinese Adjective “大” and The Corresponding Word in Thai Language: A Case Study of HSK STANDARD COURSE
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Abstract
形容词“大”在对外汉语教材中的解释一般都是比较简单的。实际上，从认知语义的角度来看，该词语除了表示空间域的基本意义外，还能够表示数量、重要性、程度等隐喻义。本次研究选择《HSK 标准教程》教材中包含词语“大”的释义、例句等作为研究对象，然后对其语义进行分析。 研究结果发现，形容词“大”的各种认知语义类型的排列顺序比较符合外国学习者的习得顺序，即 表示空间义在前面，表示隐喻义的在后面。从教材中形容词“大”与其他词语搭配的情况来看，发现该词语在泰语中一共具有 16 个对应词语。其中，“ใหญ่/jàj/”是“大”的主要对应词语。除了“ใหญ่ /jàj/”以外，还有“มาก/mâ:k/”、 “สูง/sǔ:ŋ/”、 “สำคัญ/sǎm-kān/”等词语也能与“大”对应。可见，“大”在对外汉语教材中的涵盖范围明显比“ใหญ่/jàj/”更广。因此，为了提高教学效果，泰国汉语教师可以使用自己的母语从认知的角度进行讲解形容词“大”的各种语义，让学生意识到“大”与“ใหญ่/jàj/”之间的不对称现象，而且了解它们真正的用法。
The explanation of the adjective “大” in the fundamental Chinese language textbook is quite simple. When considering the Cognitive semantics, the word “大” doesn’t only display the basic spatial meaning but also expresses metaphorical meaning such as number, importance, level, etc. According to the HSK STANDARD COURSE Chinese language textbook survey, the sequential appearance of each meaning of the adjective “大” corresponds to the foreign learners’ acquisition order. That is, the spatial meaning comes before the metaphorical meaning. According to the collocation of the adjective “大” with other terms in the textbook, it is found that this word has a total of 16 corresponding words in Thai. The Thai word “ใหญ่ ” is the main corresponding word for “大” In addition to the word “ใหญ่ ”, there are the other words, “มาก ” “สูง ” “สำคัญ” etc., can be used as the corresponding words. Thus, it can be seen that the comprehensive scope of the word “大” in the Chinese Language textbook is broader than the Thai word “ใหญ่ ” This research gives Thai learners a deeper understanding of the corresponding words in both languages.
The explanation of the adjective “大” in the fundamental Chinese language textbook is quite simple. When considering the Cognitive semantics, the word “大” doesn’t only display the basic spatial meaning but also expresses metaphorical meaning such as number, importance, level, etc. According to the HSK STANDARD COURSE Chinese language textbook survey, the sequential appearance of each meaning of the adjective “大” corresponds to the foreign learners’ acquisition order. That is, the spatial meaning comes before the metaphorical meaning. According to the collocation of the adjective “大” with other terms in the textbook, it is found that this word has a total of 16 corresponding words in Thai. The Thai word “ใหญ่ ” is the main corresponding word for “大” In addition to the word “ใหญ่ ”, there are the other words, “มาก ” “สูง ” “สำคัญ” etc., can be used as the corresponding words. Thus, it can be seen that the comprehensive scope of the word “大” in the Chinese Language textbook is broader than the Thai word “ใหญ่ ” This research gives Thai learners a deeper understanding of the corresponding words in both languages.