In the Sukhothai period, Thai language had various reference terms for Buddhist monks because of their particularly high status in the society. This research aims to study categories of reference terms for Buddhist Thai monks and their lexical... and semantic changes in the Sukhothai period in comparison with the Present. Data had been collected from 41 edited Sukhothai Inscriptions and analyzed through a framework of reference terms and rules of language change. This research has collected 74 reference

This thesis aims to (1) study the changes in syntactic positions of templatic and periphrastic maṣdars from the 19th century to the present (1876-2011), (2) study the changes in the collocation of semantic verb types with templatic and periphrastic... that the three types of maṣdars can occur as subjects, objects, postpositions, subject complements and genitives. However, only in the objects and the postpositions did the three types of maṣdars occur in all the seven periods of time. For semantics verb type