. Semantically, it is found that Ca? is an irrealis marker expressing unactual situations in the semantic domains of possibility, probability, volition, future, conditions, habituality, experience, deduction, objectives, inception, and purposes.

This article refers to and evaluates data from research in the past to form the basis for an analysis of language data in real usage. The study aspects include grammatical characteristics, structural analysis, the cognitive semantic of spatial

The objectives of this study are to analyze morphological and analytic causatives in Spanish with regards to their structure, meaning and use and to identify the differences between the two types of causatives. It adopts the cognitive-functional