Publication: INTERPRETATION OF JAPANESE FINAL PARTICLES : KA, NE, AND YO —ON COGNITIVE MODALITY AND POLITENESS—
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2017
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en
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Panyapiwat Journal
วารสารปัญญาภิวัฒน์
วารสารปัญญาภิวัฒน์
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9
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3
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19
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228
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INTERPRETATION OF JAPANESE FINAL PARTICLES : KA, NE, AND YO —ON COGNITIVE MODALITY AND POLITENESS—
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การตีความหมายคำช่วยท้ายประโยคภาษาญี่ปุ่น : KA NE และ YO —วิเคราะห์การแสดงทัศนภาวะความคิดและความสุภาพ—
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Abstract
The objective of the present study is to find the meanings and the usage of final particles in Japanese, namely KA, NE, and YO. Most linguists have focused their explanations around the possession of information or the territory each of these particles belongs to; that is, YO is used when the knowledge belongs to the speaker, and so forth. However, there are many cases that cannot be explained by these traditional definitions. For example, (7) Chotto yuubinkyoku ni itte kuru NE. (I’ll go to the post office and come back, OK?) proves that the speaker knows the information but NE is used. This sentence expresses politeness by not using YO or finishing without a particle. The framework proposed in the present study consists of the application of speech act theory of modality—Cognitive Modality—and the theory of politeness. The findings are as follows: 1) In semantic level, KA is used when the speaker thinks his/her knowledge is zero (0%). When the speaker believes that the listener shares the information, NE is used to show the speaker’s knowledge of 50%. If the speaker thinks he/she knows well, YO which indicates 100% of knowledge is used. 2) In pragmatic level, when the speaker has just learned the information from the listener, KA will not be repeated when making confirmation since it will result a – in the meaning of politeness. KA with a falling intonation has a + in politeness. To avoid causing a face threatening act to the listener, YONE (a two-word particle) is used to moderate the content. YO used with an imperative sentence gives a + in politeness. 3) Having a nuance of being neutral, NE has a + in terms of politeness.