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“A Cake for which the Flour had been Forgotten”: The Escape from Queer Nonentity in Elizabeth Bowen’s The Last September
Utchin, Anant (2021)
Building upon the popular notion that Lois’s growth in The Last Elizabeth remains stunted, this paper posits that the young protagonist, who even wallows in the state of queer nonentity, does, in fact, grow up. Employing Virginia Woolf’s concept of the artist’s self-effacing androgynous mind, the paper traces how Lois’s androgynous qualities seem to keep her in the state of limbo, in which her identity is void or frozen, not unlike that of her Protestant Ascendancy class in 1920. However, Lois’s both political and sexual maturation, which culminates in the ruined mill scene at the end of the novel’s second section, is set in motion by the guidance of Marda Norton, who, also possessing the androgynous characteristics, serves as Lois’s mirror figure, but, embodying a more experienced and established identity, disapproves of Lois’s kind of void-inducing queerness. Although the end of the novel points to the notion that both Marda and the now-mature Lois still face constant threat of being, again, stunted, their existence attests to the survival of the Ascendancy, albeit in a less complacent state as Danielstown, a symbol of the Anglo-Irish Big House culture, is being burned down at the end.
A Comparison of T ranslation Techniques in Translating English Personal Pro nouns into Thai: A Case Study of Little Lord Fauntleroy
Panich, Ruethai; ฤทัย พานิช (2022)
This research aims to compare the personal pronouns translation techniques used in translating the original English literature, Little Lord Fauntleroy, written by Frances Hodson which is translated by three Thai translators: Nawanak, Kaewkhamthip Chai, and Nengnoi Sattha. The data analyzed in this paper was collected from the translation of the narration and the dialogue of the characters. Baker’s framework (2018) was used as a criterion. 12 techniques were found in translating English pronouns to Thai. They are 1) the use of pronouns, 2) omission of personal pronouns, 3) the use of kinship terms, 4) the use of nouns or noun phrases, 5) the use of occupation terms, 6) the use of personal names, 7) the use of demonstratives, 8)inference, 9) the use of the antecedent, 10) the use of numbers, 11) the use of cultural words, and 12) the use of common nouns. The factors influencing translation techniques are grammatical features, such as number, and cultural factors, such as seniority, characters’ relationships, and speech situation.
A Conversational Implicature Analysis in J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
Sommai, Supparawin; Padgate, Usa (2013)
The purposes of this study were to pragmatically identify and analyse the conversational implicatures contained within the 30 selected dialogues of the 7 main characters in J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban focusing on Grice’s cooperative principle (1975) to find out whether the 7 main char-acters flouted or violated the conversational maxims. Moreover, the study aimed to demonstrate how the 7 main characters conveyed their intended meanings through conversational implicatures and how the others as listeners recognised the intended meanings.The findings showed that the selected dialogues contained 75 conversational implicatures. The 7 main characters employed the conversational implicatures for 19 functions: sarcasm, irony, confirmation, guessing, clarifying, expressing dissatisfaction, politeness, conviction, indirect answers, disagreements, in-direct statements, indirect questions and indirect requests, emphasizing, avoiding embarrassment, telling lies, changing the topic of the conversation, distracting the listeners from the topic of conversation and dis-tracting the third party from the current conversation. Additionally, it was found that the ways the characters as the speakers conveyed their intended meanings and the ways the others as the listeners recognised the implicatures contained in the dialogues depended on the utterances themselves, the context of the situation, the listeners’ background knowledge and the listeners’ knowledge of the conversational maxims.
A Corpus-Based Study of Characterization of Mother in Children’s and Young Adult Literature: A Transitivity Analysis of Mrs. Weasley in The Harry Potter Novels
Chiranorawanit, Kunrada; Sripicharn, Passapong (2020)
This paper utilizes corpus techniques to analyze the characterization of Mrs. Weasley in the Harry Potter novels. With the corpus investigation of the children’s and young adult fiction, the normally overlooked instances of this mother character can be closely attended to. The clauses that contain the title of her name are categorized into the different Transitivity process types in Systemic Functional Grammar (Halliday & Matthiessen, 2014). Once some patterns of her Transitivity representation emerge, her frequent clause participant functions and common collocations can be determined. These findings can be considered with the six types of mother in literature that were gathered from the author’s survey of literary analyses. The one that Mrs. Weasley could be identified with is ‘the good mother’ of the traditional kind. Strengthened by the language evidence, this characterization of mother can be put to a test whether it sustains through the plot phases. By generating three sub-corpora that reflect relevant themes, the intensity of the mother’s role is found consistent with her personal and the public fear. From the sophisticated plot, the methodological synergy between Transitivity and corpus brings to surface the maternity that seems to never dismiss in the creation of these fantasies. The revelations of the character taps into the language use that not only causes wonder about the literature but also helps those who are non-native speakers relate language forms to their meanings that may not, or cannot, be informed by the traditional English grammar.
A Corpus-based Study of the Style in Jane Austen’s Novels
Wijitsopon, Raksangob (2013)
While a corpus linguistic technique has been applied to various studies in text and discourse analysis, it has not been much adopted in stylistic analysis of literary texts. The present study, therefore, applies a corpus-driven approach to Jane Austen’s six major novels, in order to see how well this new method works with literary texts, compared with what has been observed in previous studies of Jane Austen’s language. It has been found that the corpus-driven approach can provide quite a few results that are useful in supporting and refining literary scholars’ intuitive observations on the author’s works. Some of the linguistic patterns derived from the comparative corpus-driven method have not been remarked on before in any previous studies and hence can serve as new textual evidence in the study of Jane Austen’s writing style. Despite such great potential for the study of style in literary works, it is suggested that the analyst’s knowledge and understanding of the text(s) under study is crucial in interpreting and evaluating those results because the corpus-driven approach to literary texts relies heavily on quantitative data.
A Dominant Global Translation Strategy in Thai Translated Novels: The Translations of Religious Markers in Dan Brown’s Thriller Novels
Inphen, Wiriya; วิริยะ อินทร์เพ็ญ (2020)
When translation is considered as an integral part of larger social systems (Even-Zohar 1990), the ways in which translations are produced to serve readers’ specificity could be affected. This paper examines whether there is a preference for a specific global translation strategy due to a readership that is specialized in terms of education level. Adopting Venuti’s (1995/2008) division of global translation strategies into exoticizing and domesticating translation, it examines the frequency of local translation strategies, which are part of a global translation strategy, used in translating English-Thai religious markers in Dan Brown’s Angels and Demons, The Da Vinci Code, The Lost Symbol, Inferno and Origin. The religious markers cover words/phrases of belief systems in either Eastern or Western culture. The results show that exoticizing translation is a dominant global translation strategy that translation agents, such as translators and editors, use in literary translations of Anglo-American novels.
A Jungian Analysis of the Male Protagonist's Personality in Stephen Sondheim's Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street
Paokantha, Itthipat; Padgate, Usa (2022)
Stephen Sondheim’s musical Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street features a protagonist who can be viewed as a victim of England’s classism. In this study, Carl Jung’s theory of analytical psychology has been adopted to analyze Todd’s personality as perceived in Sondheim’s musical. The results reveal that Todd, having been unjustly separated from his wife and daughter, is driven by the Personal Unconscious, which is part of a psychological complex that blocks the logical utilization of the Ego. At the same time, he displays a calm and earnest-looking Persona while embodying the Shadow of a cold-blooded killer. His Anima is revealed as his weakness when he is distracted as well as being driven by the desire for a family reunion. However, he cannot attain the Self, which is central to a balanced personality. In brief, psychologically, Sweeney Todd is a thinking and feeling introvert, a product of both causal motivation and regressive adaptation.
A Literary Stylistic Analysis of Ernest Hemingway’s Short Stories: What Might be Hiding Beneath Linguistics in the “Big Two-Hearted River”Sequence?
Prasanwon, Pisut; Snodin, Navaporn Sanprasert; พิสุทธิ์ ประสารวรรณ์; นวพร สรรประเสริฐ สโนดิน (2016)
This study is conducted to explore Hemingway’s famous short story sequence, “Big Two-Hearted River” on the basis of stylistic approach. The writer is a controversial figure,well-known for his understated prose style which he named the iceberg technique, or the technique of omission. Hemingway deviates from certain norms of language and therefore establisheshis own norms to enhance thereader’s reading experience. The study aims to explainhowthe grammatical deviation Hemingway employs in his short stories enhancesthe aesthetic values of his work and how grammatical deviation characteristics found in his short stories arerelated to his iceberg technique. The theoretical framework used in this study is adapted from Short’s linguistic deviation (1996) with the sole focus on grammatical deviation.
A Portrayal of Power Relations and Aetonormativity in Diana Wynne Jones’s Chrestomanci Series
Sattarujawong, Yada; Thummawongsa, Narathip; ญดา สัตตะรุจาวงษ์; นราธิป ธรรมวงศา (2022)
The growing interest in and the expanding market of children’s literature have established the genre as a major part of the publishing business. In the academic realm, scholars have applied existing literary and cultural theoretical concepts to the study of children’s literature to formulate a specific literary theory for the field. Attempts have also been made to understand its narratological methods and functions. However, the general application of existing theoretical perspectives onto the works of children’s literature, so far, has not focused on their socio-ideological influences. This research paper specifically draws on the existing modalities of power and ideology conceptualized by Michel Foucault and Maria Nikolajeva’s concept of ‘aetonormativity’ to examine the relations of power between adult and child protagonists in Diana Wynne Jones’s Chrestomanci series. Repression and subversion of power are portrayed through adult and child characters in Jones’ fantasy works for children and are represented throughout the development of Jones’ fantasy novels series consisting of seven books written from 1977 to 2006. The portrayal of adult villains’ influence and the manipulative use of power calls for a deconstructive view toward adults who refuse the position of righteous authority, in contrast to a representation of children who, as in most fantasy works, are subsumed under the influence of ideologies and the authority of adults. A study of this role reveals the use of children’s literature as an ideological platform to support children’s growth into adulthood. The texts communicate the importance of self- recognition and the ability to be critical of the adult counterpart. This role reversal and ideological reading reveal an alternative critical perspective on the tendency of texts for children which are normally created under the concept of adult’s normativity.
A Possible-worlds Approach to Harry Potter
Ibrahim, Wesam M. A. (2014)
This paper investigates the ways in which possible-worlds theory account for the text world phenomena of the Harry Potter series. The Harry Potter books are considered the prototype of the crossover genre and also as the main force behind the rise of the crossover genre as a marketing trend (Becket, 2009; Falconer, 2009). Possible-worlds theory is a well-established approach to fictional worlds from literary theory and narratology. The theory can account for a number of phenomena including, for example, the relationship of the fictional world with the world we call ‘actual’, the introduction of different kinds of impossibilities into the fictional world, the study of character’s private worlds, the tellability of a fictional world which can be the reason behind its appeal to a wider readership, and potentially its commercial success, the relationship or potential linkage between different fictional worlds which can be manifested through instances of intertextuality or allusion, and so on. In this paper, Two books were selected from the series, namely, Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows for their special status regarding adult readership and awards. I particularly focus on the tellability of the fictional world which results from the presence of interesting narrative points and conflict within its rich virtual domain.
A Postcolonial Ecocritical Reading of Zakes Mda’s The Whale Caller
Boonpromkul, Phacharawan (2016)
Zakes Mda’s novel The Whale Caller (2005) is a story about the extraordinary relationship between a man, a woman, and a whale. Set in the post-apartheid South Africa and involving issues like bestiality, animal conservation, and environmental degradation, the novel invites postcolonial and environmental reading. After laying out some of the relevant scholarly criticisms, this research article will engage four topics of interest to postcolonial ecocritics: the history of agricultural exploitation during the period of colonialism in South Africa, postcolonial tourism, whale conservation, and the challenge of global animal protection in relation to environmental justice. Throughout the study, the overlapping interests, as well as tension and conflicts, between the postcolonial and environmental criticisms will be underlined in order to show the possibility of interdisciplinary collaboration between the two fields. The research article will also shed light on the complexity and inextricability of the environmental problems and the global economic disparity, which have been brilliantly presented throughout this novel.
A Quest for Happiness from a Buddhist Perspective: A Case Study of Katherine Mansfield’s A Cup of Tea
Charuchinda, Intira (2015)
Human beings wish for happiness but they can often be naive about its sources. Instead of creating greater happiness for themselves, in their pursuit of it they often create greater unhappiness. Katherine Mansfield’s A Cup of Tea (1922) portrays the emotions and psychological makeup of a woman named Rosemary Fell in her quest for happiness. This paper aims to study the state of mind of the main character of this story in her quest for happiness, from a Buddhist perspective. To do so, the incidents, characters, speech, actions and settings of the story are analyzed. The findings reveal that Rosemary Fell is not a happy person. Viewed from a Buddhist perspective, her quest for happiness is ineffective because of the incorrect ways in which she pursues it. She seeks happiness from extraneous pleasures. Moreover, she has a strong sense of self-orientation. Additionally, she lacks mindfulness. Besides, she allows herself to be burned by three fires of defilement, i.e. greed, anger, and foolishness. Furthermore, she takes extreme measures. These personal failings explain the failure of her quest for true happiness.
A Re-Criticism of The Lottery
Pojprasat, Somboon (2017)
The Lottery by Shirley Jackson is a telling work that always attracts any reader’s rapt attention and yet ignites her prompt curiosity. Many attempts have been made to explore the underlying meanings and construct new ones in and out of the story. This study, too, aimed to offer a novel insight into this classic American short story with emphasis on close investigation of the story’s intrinsic elements by the New Criticism approach. The results have revealed that such elements as setting, characters, symbolism, point of view and language function in cooperative manner to establish selfishness as one of the central themes embedded in the story. To illustrate, the confined and isolated village demonstrates inwardness and self-preoccupation, the ritual of the lottery bears witness to blind faithfulness and resistance to change, and the black wooden box together with accompanying objects suggests the mystics of the ritual and the somberness of the village. Altogether, the indirect depiction of selfishness is attributable to all these negative qualities lurking in the village. The effaced narrator as well as diction employed to propel the story also helps portray such an abstract theme more vividly. At the end of the paper, New Criticism is recommended as an integral method for the instruction of English literature in Thai universities.
A Reflection of Jean Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory in the Adolescent Character of Katniss Everdeen in The Hunger Games Trilogy
Phuengkan, Thitisan; Padgate, Usa; Thunnithet, Pornrawee; ธิติสรร พึ่งกัน; อุษา พัดเกตุ; พรวีร์ ทันนิเทศ (2017)
This study aims to analyze the cognitive development and the factors that influence the cognitive development of the character of Katniss Everdeen, the main character of Suzanne Collins’s The Hunger Games Trilogy through Jean Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development. The findings indicate that in The Hunger Games Trilogy, Katniss develops her cognition in accordance with Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory in all the aspects such as hypothetical reasoning, thinking about possibility and probability, and propositional operation etc. In addition, the findings indicate that the arena environments contribute greatly to her cognitive development in her struggle to survive the killing games. However, Katniss’s cognition seems to develop faster than that of an average real-life adolescent because she is portrayed to live in brutal surroundings and confront situations that are far more dangerous than those in the life of an average real-life adolescent.
A Reflection of Parenting Styles and Impacts on Behaviors of Children in The Joy Luck Club
Pattana, Nattapat (2020)
This qualitative research was conducted with two objectives for this study: 1) to analyze parenting styles and the reasons of the parent characters for being parents of those styles in an Ami Tan’s famous novel named The Joy Luck Club and 2) to investigate the impacts of the parenting styles on behavior of the daughter characters in The Joy Luck Club. From the analysis based on the analysis framework which developed from Baumrind’s Theory of Parenting Styles and elaborated by Maccoby and Martin (1983), it was found that the parenting style in The Joy Luck Club was rather associated with authoritarian parenting style. The mother characters set rules and command their daughters to follow the rules. They physically and verbally punish their daughters. The daughters react aggressively. However, the personalities and behaviors of the children do not agree with those introduced in the theory. Although it was found that the mothers do not explain the real reasons for prohibiting some actions. This makes the daughters curious and confident to make decision on their own. The reason behind the mothers’ force is their desire to see their daughters’ happiness and success. They do not want their daughters to encounter bad experience and sufferings as they had in the past. A factor that makes the daughters feel uncomfortable with the mothers’ teaching is the conflict between the American culture in which the daughters grow outside their homes and the Chinese culture which their mothers are trying to implant into them.
A Scientific Reading of the Protagonist’s Tragedy in Thomas Hardy’s Tess of the D’urbervilles
Uttama, Choedphong; เชิดพงศ์ อุตตะมะ (2016)
Thomas Hardy’s novels are known for the portrayal of their protagonists’ ill fortune and tragedies. Attempts have been made to understand the pessimism that pervades his novels through the study of the harsh life of the rural proletariat, the class into which many of his protagonists fall, or of Victorian society itself which, with its forms of social constraint, limited people’s life and was a cause of unhappiness. This paper offers an alternative way of understanding the pessimism in Tess of the d’Urbervilles (1891) through a scientific reading of the protagonist’s tragic life. By contextualizing this novel in the Victorian period when advances in science challenged religious belief and by considering the author’s interest in science and his ambivalent attitude towards religion, this paper aims to show that the calamitous life of the protagonist can be explained by the theory of natural selection in which living things are controlled by chance and randomness as opposed to religious belief which holds that God is behind human destiny. This reading also ties in with the theory and power of heredity which denies the individual any real choice, making the protagonist unable to control her own actions. The last approach will look at mesmerism which can shed light on the most important and controversial scene in the novel and which greatly contributes to the protagonist’s tragedy.
A Snowflake in All of Us: A Study of Motif in the Film Snow Cake (2006)
Padgate, Usa; อุษา พัดเกตุ (2018)
This study aims to identify motifs in the film Snow Cake (2006) and to analyze the meanings and messages of the film based on the motifs. Snow is found to be the key motif of the film. It is presented in various forms and carries a layer of messages. Snow as an overall mass represents generality and the public’s indifferent tendency to typecast, as evidenced by the common attitudes and prejudices of the townspeople in the film. Snow as an individual flake, on the contrary, showcases singular beauty and unique characteristics, as witnessed in the lives of the main characters. Snow, therefore, carries the message of the risk of stereotypes and the value of individuality as well as the lesson of acceptance for a life full of possibilities.
A Strategic Reading of Margaret Atwood’s “Wilderness Tips”
Khantavichian, Sanguansri (2013)
The aim of this paper is to explore the symbolically charged and nationality-oriented text of “Wilderness Tips,” the title story of Atwood’s collection of the same name, and to discuss the author’s aesthetics. Themes and images of power and survival dominate the story, whether in the form of language play, food, technological advances or Bluebeardian sexual politics. Noted for her deployment of fairy-tale intertexts, here Atwood reworks fairy-tale themes of victimization and metamorphosis to reinforce her treatment of gender relations. My proposition is that there is an interconnectedness between the different strands, for instance, a merger between the feminist and environmental concerns is achieved in the final episode of “Wilderness Tips.” On the other hand, “Wilderness Tips” is about Canada, about what it is like to be or to become Canadian, whether as direct descendants of the original colonial settlers or as immigrants, about Canadian history from colonial settler days to decolonization to present-day multiculturalism and, above all, about the Canadian North. All the subjects enumerated above warrant an anthropological, cultural, and linguistic investigation in the contextual, intertextual, and subtextual directions undertaken in this paper.
A Study of Analytical Comparison between the Concept of Pity and Fear and Hiri Ottappa
ณัฏฐนาถ ศรีเลิศ; เศรษฐพงษ์ ศรีเลิศ; Srilert, Nattanart; Srilert, Sretthapong (2019)
ความสงสารและความกลัว หรือ Pity and Fear เป็นแนวคิดในทางจิตวิทยาทางการละครของ อริสโตเติล นักปรัชญากรีกโบราณ มีความคล้ายคลึงและความแตกต่างบางประการเมื่อนำมาวิเคราะห์เปรียบเทียบกับแนวคิดในทางพระพุทธศาสนาในหัวข้อธรรมเป็นโลกบาลคือคุ้มครองโลก ๒ อย่าง คือ หิริ ความละอายต่อบาปหรือละอายต่อการกระทำบาป และ โอตัปปะ ความเกรงกลัวต่อผลของบาป กล่าวคือ ในแนวคิดทางจิตวิทยาทางการละครที่ อริสโตเติล ได้นำเสนอและระวังตัวไม่ให้มีความผิดพลาดในการใช้ชีวิต ซึ่งในลักษณะที่คล้ายคลึงกันนี้ หลักธรรมอันเป็นโลกบาลคือคุ้มครองโลกคือหิริและโอตตัปปะนั้น หิริ คือความละอายที่พระพุทธศาสนาสอนให้บุคคลรู้จักความละอายแก่ใจในอันที่ตนจะกระทำความชั่วความหยาบ หรือความผิดบาปทั้งปวง และโอตตัปปะ คือความเกรงกลัวที่ตนจะได้รับผลร้ายที่เกิดจากการกระท าบาปของตนนั้นและเกิดความตั้งใจที่จะไม่กระทำบาปทั้งปวง
A Study of Gharāvāsa-dhamma through A Christmas Carol
Pattana, Nattapat (2021)
The goal of this qualitative study was to examine the compatibility of moral concepts desirable for people of the West and morality of Buddhism, a non-theistic religion of the East; therefore, the objectives of this study were 1) to examine issues of morality reflected in A Christmas Carol, a classic literature written by Charles Dickens and 2) to compare the moral issues in this classic literature with those specified in Gharāvāsa-dhamma, a set of Buddhist doctrines. The analysis framework developed from the synthesis of Gharāvāsa-dhamma by a famous high-ranked Buddhist monk and a group of researchers, Phra Dhambhidok (P.A. Payutto) (2003) and Wongsritep, Thongpan, Wanichat, and Kaewketpong (2019), respectively, was relied upon. It was found that the moral issues found in A Christmas Carol are honesty, training one’s self, perseverance, and liberality. These issues agree with all four principles in Gharāvāsa-dhamma namely Sacca, Dama, Khanti, and Cāga, respectively. Outstandingly, the moral issue highlighted in A Christmas Carol is liberality or Cāga in Gharāvāsa-dhamma. Without this moral principle, Ebenezer Scrooge, the main character becomes a stingy, ungenerous, and money-oriented old man. After he is warned and terrified by the ghost characters visiting him in one Christmas’ Eve and showing him the good side of giving and sharing, he becomes a happy man and welcomed by the society. This agrees with essence of Cāga in Gharāvāsa-dhamma that that one without Cāga is miserly, money-oriented, selfish, and ungenerous, and it causes that individual to be unwanted by society he lives in.

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