, acoustic phonetics, and phonological analyses. The investigation focuses on syllable structures, onsets, vowels, rimes, and especially the tone system. Furthermore, the phenomenon of tone sandhi is analyzed. A comparison between Hakka tones as spoken... in China and Thailand is made in the last chapter. The results show that the Hakka tone system of Bangkok, Thailand, has divided into four tones on live syllables and two tones on dead syllables. According to acoustic measurements, it is clear

This research attempts to study the relationship between the acoustics characteristics of pauses and their functions in turn management. Four types of turns, classifying from their function in turn management are found, i.e. turn holding, smooth... in the smooth turn switching. They are longer than the turn-snatching pause and shorter than the non-smooth turn-switching pause. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) of the pauses among the 4 types of turn management indicates that the differences found

basic vocabulary items, 300 words from Shorto (1962) and Diffloth (1984) and 112 words from Bauer’s unpublished Mon dialect checklist, were used to interview one informant from each variety. For acoustic analysis, three informants from each variety were...This research aims to analyze the vowel systems and acoustic characteristics of vowels in four Thai Mon varieties: Ban Kho (TM1), Ban Muang (TM2), Ban Bangkhanmak (TM3) and Ban Nong Duu (TM4) and four Burmese Mon varieties: Mokaneang (BM1), Tancanuʔ

The objective of this research is to analyze the acoustic properties of the diphthong vowel //. The following acoustic properties of the diphthong vowel // were analyzed the acoustic properties in direct speech acts and indirect speech acts... acoustic properties. The researcher found a significant different in fundamental frequency in indirect speech acts of positive emotion and indirect speech acts of negative emotion. Tokens read with positive emotions have high fundamental frequency, but when

and five Japanese speakers with high experience in Thai. The informants were asked to produce 15 Thai words and 15 sentences containing the same 15 Thai words. To examine the acoustic characteristics of tones produced by the informants, Praat v.5....1.07, Python v.2.5, Microsoft Excel 2003 and SPSS for Windows v.16 were used for the acoustical measurements and statistical analyses. The results showed that the acoustic characteristics of the five tones could be classified into two major categories

and nasalized vowels which followed an initial nasal. The analysis of the place of articulation was conducted using the Locus Equation method which uses linear regression to display the relationship between the second formant frequency at the vowel onset (F2... locus concept. In addition, for the analysis of the vowel nasalization of front nasalized vowels, the FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) spectrum comparison method was used to identify the nasal formant in the spectra, in order to obtain nasalization duration

using the Praat v.3.9.10. and Microsoft Excel 2000 programs. ANOVA operating with a significance level of 0.05 was done by SPSS for Windows v.10 The results of the acoustic analysis divide tracheoesophageal speakers into two groups. In the first group...The objective of this research is to investigate the acoustic characteristics of tones in Thai produced by tracheoesophageal speakers,compared with those of normal speakers and also to test their perceptual efficacy. The acoustic characteristics

.The results of the analysis show that there are 6 tones in the Lamphun Yong tone system. Pitch range in citation form is wider than in connected speech. The range in mid utterance speech is narrower than at utterance ending. The realizations of the level tones

. A total number of twenty Swatow informants were used with four representatives from each region. Both auditory judgment and acoustic judgment were used in order to analyze the data. For acoustic analysis, this research used PRAAT version 5

This study aims to analyze the effects of the similarity in categorization of Chinese and Thai tones on Chinese tone perception by Thai learners. The analysis can be divided into two parts: the analysis on similarity of acoustic phonetic... and that of perception. For the analysis on similarity of acoustic phonetic, we conduct the phonetic experiments to examine tone pitch and contour, and then discuss this result with the result of similarity of perception experiment. The experiment results are used