, acoustic phonetics, and phonological analyses. The investigation focuses on syllable structures, onsets, vowels, rimes, and especially the tone system. Furthermore, the phenomenon of tone sandhi is analyzed. A comparison between Hakka tones as spoken... in China and Thailand is made in the last chapter. The results show that the Hakka tone system of Bangkok, Thailand, has divided into four tones on live syllables and two tones on dead syllables. According to acoustic measurements, it is clear

สามารถในการรับรู้เสียงจะนำไปวิเคราะห์หาค่าความแตกต่างที่มีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ โดยใช้การวิเคราะห์ความแปรปรวน (Analysis of Variance : ANOVA) ซึ่งได้ค่า F₍₁‚̦₄₄₎ = 4.06 ที่ระดับความเชื่อมั่น .05 ความสามารถในการฟังคู่เสียงแสดงให้เห็นว่า สิ่งที่สำคัญในการรับรู้... interval levels, 500 ms and 1500 ms, i.e. the second sound in presented to the subjects after the first sound for 500 or 1500 ms respectively. Subjects‘ discrimination scores are analysed with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The present experiment used

. A total number of twenty Swatow informants were used with four representatives from each region. Both auditory judgment and acoustic judgment were used in order to analyze the data. For acoustic analysis, this research used PRAAT version 5

features were acoustically analyzed. They are fundamental frequency, frequency range, syllable duration, utterance duration, numbers of syllable per utterance, and intensity. Results of a comparison between IDS and ADS showed that IDS used higher... between the age groups in all aspects were statistically analyzed using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). It was found that every variation of the prosodic features investigated across age groups was statistically significant. In terms of pragmatic

for phonological analysis, together with the PRAAT computer program for the acoustic measurement on registers. Thomas’ (1993) tagmemic model, on the other hand, was the main tool adopted for the syntactic analysis of the language. The phonological findings... language. The data was gathered and rechecked from the So (Thavung) at Nong Waeng and Nong Muang villages, Patumwapi subdistrict, Song Dao district, Sakon Nakhon province during the period 2005- 2007. In data analysis, auditory judgment was applied

fable out loud. Auditory and acoustic analysis was then applied to these individual recordings to identify their pause locations. The results revealed that the high proficiency group processed language in longer and more syntactically unified units than