The study aims to investigate word classes, functions and contexts of the word /bon/ in Thai, along with its meanings and concepts as well as processes and mechanisms of semantic change and development from Sukhothai period to the reign of King Rama... IX of Rattanakosin period (2016 A.D.), using cognitive semantics, grammaticalization, and lexicalization as conceptual frameworks. There were 2,441 tokens of the word /bon/ in total, according to this study. It was found that, firstly, the word /bon

the monomorphemic word /naj/ in every period. It is found that the word /naj/ has 2 word categories, namely preposition and noun phrase connector. In addition, the word /naj/ has 10 grammatical meanings, namely the meaning “spatial relation”, “temporal relation...The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the word categories and the grammatical meanings of the word /naj/ from the Sukhothai to the present period and analyze the grammaticalization of the word /naj/ according to the concept of Heine and Kuteva

The objective of this study is to illustrate syntactic structures, functions, and meanings of the word, /lǎŋ/, in Thai. The data were retrieved from the Thai National Corpus (TNC). The results revealed two main patterns of the preposition, /lǎŋ... the temporal noun. The first subtype conveyed spatial meaning; that is, “a position or side that is opposite to the front,” and the latter subtype conveyed “time.” When it preceeded verbs, the preposition /lǎŋ/ normally arose at the beginning of the clause

, personality and soul. “Heart” is at the center of the body, playing a vital role in the operation of life. Moreover, in Thai and Chinese, the word also underwent a metaphorical extension from bodily organ to spatial position and importance. Thai and Chinese... meanings of the word “heart” in the Thai and Chinese languages were analyzed by conceptual integration. Results were that similarities and differences existed. In both languages, “heart” was seen as the center of people’s being, thinking, emotion

The explanation of the adjective “大” in the fundamental Chinese language textbook is quite simple. When considering the Cognitive semantics, the word “大” doesn’t only display the basic spatial meaning but also expresses metaphorical meaning... such as number, importance, level, etc. According to the HSK STANDARD COURSE Chinese language textbook survey, the sequential appearance of each meaning of the adjective “大” corresponds to the foreign learners’ acquisition order. That is, the spatial meaning

perspective of space. Construing thoughts and emotions contained in the word “heart” revealed that in both languages, it is viewed as a destination or spatial location. As space and spatial relationships interact between humans and the external world.... The conceptual metaphor “THE HEART IS SPACE” demonstrates Thai and Chinese speakers’ similar cognition of “h eart” as metaphorized into space or spatial location, but the figurative meaning of “heart” as a metaphor for thoughts and feelings differs considerably

To collect and classify the function words in palm-leaf documents that developed from body-part and plant-part nouns in Lanna Thai. The factors and processes that motivate body-part and plant-part nouns to develop into classifiers, relative markers..., pronouns and prepositions are also studied. Body-part and plant-part nouns develop into 4 types of function words: classifiets, relative markers, pronouns and prepositions. As for the body-part nouns, 10 develop into classifiers, 3 into relative markers, 4

This article refers to and evaluates data from research in the past to form the basis for an analysis of language data in real usage. The study aspects include grammatical characteristics, structural analysis, the cognitive semantic of spatial... concept “On” in Mandarin Chinese and Thai. The study explains the prepositions Shang in Mandarin Chinese and [bon33], [nįa24] and [kh įn41] in Thai and then compares the similarities and differences of these four words. Hopefully, the research results

of Chinese-Thai languages are related to “head”. In other word, the comparison using the body organ“head” is considerable. On this basis, this paper attempts to systematically compare them from the three perspectives including spatial metaphor, container

. The way to distinguish metaphors from literal expressions results from the songwriters flouting Grice’s maxims. The songwriters intend to convey far more than their words mean. Furthermore, theory of conceptual metaphor (Lakoff, 1987, 1993; Lakoff... found in which the songwriters conceptualize ‘love’. The researcher also found that the abstract concept of ‘love’ can be generally understood in terms of image schema. This is where ‘love’ is described as physical objects and spatial relations